TMJ & Jaw Conditions

About the temporomandibular joint

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the hinge-like joint located just in front of each ear, where the lower jaw connects to the skull. You have one on each side, and both must work in coordination to allow you to open and close your mouth, chew, and speak.

When problems develop with the joint itself, the disc within the joint, or the surrounding muscles, they are collectively described as temporomandibular disorders (TMD). TMD is quite common and can range from occasional mild discomfort to persistent symptoms that affect daily function.

The causes of TMD are often multifactorial, meaning multiple contributing factors are typically involved rather than a single identifiable cause. Management is therefore individualized, based on a careful assessment of each patient's symptoms, history, and findings on examination.

Common symptoms

Symptoms associated with TMD can vary considerably from person to person, and some may seem unrelated to the jaw at first. They include:

• Jaw pain or soreness, particularly in the morning or after eating
• Clicking, popping, or grating sounds when opening or closing the mouth
• Limited mouth opening, or the jaw locking open or closed
• Headaches, particularly around the temples or at the base of the skull
• Earaches or a feeling of fullness in the ears
• Facial muscle tension or fatigue
• Neck and shoulder tension
• Worn or sensitive teeth from clenching or grinding (bruxism)

TMJ services at Londonderry Dental Centre II

TMJ Diagnosis

A thorough assessment of your symptoms, jaw movement, bite, and joint, the starting point for understanding what is contributing to your condition and determining the most appropriate approach.

Custom Night Guards

A custom-fabricated occlusal splint worn during sleep to reduce the effects of grinding and clenching on the teeth, jaw muscles, and joint. Custom guards fit accurately and are designed to distribute force evenly across the dental arch.

Bite Correction

In some cases, minor adjustments to how the teeth come together can reduce uneven loading on the jaw joint and muscles. This is assessed individually and is not appropriate for every patient.

A conservative approach

Most TMJ conditions are managed conservatively in the first instance, with night guards, physiotherapy exercises, dietary modifications, and stress management guidance. More involved interventions are considered only when conservative measures have been tried and symptoms are not adequately controlled.

For complex or severe joint conditions, referral to an oral and maxillofacial surgeon or other specialist may be appropriate. We will advise you on this and help coordinate care if needed.